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Three-Phase Power Calculator

Compute real power (kW), apparent power (kVA), reactive power (kVAr) and power factor from voltage and current for three-phase circuits. Balanced systems, formula shown live.

Inputs
Power
kilowatts
kVA apparent
Notes

About Three-Phase Power Calculator

Three-phase is the workhorse of commercial and industrial power. Turning a measured current back into real power — or sizing current for a known kW — needs the 1.732 factor that three conductors introduce.

Three-Phase Power Calculator computes kW, kVA and kVAr from voltage and current at any power factor, showing the formula live and switching cleanly to single-phase when needed.

Everything runs in the browser; nothing is uploaded.

Features

  • Three-phase and single-phase: Phase count selector.
  • Full power set: kW, kVA and kVAr reported together.
  • Power factor: Applies your load pf to the power triangle.
  • Live formula: sqrt(3) x V x I x pf updated as you type.
  • Reverse help: Current needed for a target kW.
  • Export: Copy or download as text, CSV or JSON.
  • Learning guide: Where 1.732 comes from in practice.

How to Use

  1. Enter the line-to-line voltage (e.g. 400 V).
  2. Enter the line current per phase in amps.
  3. Set the power factor of the load.
  4. Select the phase count — three or single.
  5. Read kW, kVA and kVAr for the circuit.
  6. Export the measurement if needed.

Examples

Example 1 — Motor. 400 V, 30 A, pf 0.85: 17.7 kW, 20.8 kVA.

Example 2 — Heater. 400 V, 43 A, pf 1: 29.8 kW pure resistive.

Example 3 — Low pf. 400 V, 30 A at 0.6 pf: only 12.5 kW for the same current — the case for correction.

Example 4 — Single-phase. A 230 V circuit at 16 A, pf 0.95: 3.5 kW.

Benefits

  • Honest motor math: kW of work vs kVA the cable carries, both visible.
  • Phase aware: 1.732 applied exactly where it belongs.
  • Explained formula: The calculation shown step by step.
  • Export ready: Text, CSV and JSON for records.
  • Free and private: No uploads, no accounts, no logging.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is three-phase power calculated?
P = sqrt(3) x V x I x pf, where V is line-to-line voltage and I is line current. At 400 V and 50 A with pf 0.9: sqrt(3) x 400 x 50 x 0.9 = about 31.2 kW.
Where does sqrt(3) come from?
With three conductors each 120 degrees apart, line-to-line voltage and phase currents combine a 1.732 factor. For balanced loads, total power = 1.732 x V(LL) x I x pf.
Line-to-line or line-to-neutral?
For the usual balanced formula you use line-to-line voltage, the 400 V in a 230/400 V system. Using phase voltage (230 V) would give exactly one-third of the answer.
What is a balanced three-phase load?
When each of the three phases carries the same current and power factor — typical of motors and heaters wired in balanced groups. The simple 1.732 formula assumes this.
How is power factor involved?
Real kW = 1.732 x V x I x pf. The same volts and amps at 0.7 motor pf deliver far less real power than at 0.9 — the calculator shows kW, kVA and kVAr side by side.
Can I use this for single-phase?
The slider switches phase count. For single-phase the formula drops the 1.732 and uses V(ph), giving P = V x I x pf.
Is my data stored?
No. Everything runs in your browser; nothing is uploaded, saved or logged.