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Underfloor Heating Pipe Spacing Calculator

Determine recommended pipe spacing and approximate pipe length for hydronic underfloor heating from floor area, heat demand, floor construction, pipe diameter and water temperature. Estimate circuit lengths and heating coverage.

Floor & demand
System
Result
pipe spacing
pipe metres
Notes

About Underfloor Heating Pipe Spacing Calculator

Underfloor heating is sold by the metre of pipe and the millimetres between runs - both set by how much heat the floor must give up. Get the spacing wrong and the room either loafs or lays tile over a lukewarm slab.

Underfloor Heating Pipe Spacing Calculator turns floor area, heat demand, construction and water temperature into a recommended spacing, pipe length and circuit count.

Features

  • Heat demand: Per-square-metre requirement.
  • Pipe options: 16 mm and 20 mm.
  • Floor types: Screed, timber, plates.
  • Water temp: Flow temperature model.
  • Circuits: Pipe length and manifold split.
  • Export: Text, CSV or JSON report.

How to Use

  1. Enter floor area and heat demand.
  2. Pick pipe size, construction and flow temperature.
  3. Read the recommended spacing and output.
  4. Check pipe length and number of circuits.
  5. Export the result if needed.

Examples

Example 1. A 20 m2 living floor needing 75 W/m2 in a screed at 200 mm spacing and 45 C flow delivers about the required output - roughly 100 m of 16 mm pipe, a single circuit.

Example 2. The same floor on timber at 200 mm delivers much less - restore output by tightening to 150 mm or lifting the flow temperature, otherwise a supplementary radiator is needed.

Benefits

  • Layout ready: Spacing and length up front.
  • Construction aware: Floor type modelled.
  • Circuit planning: Manifold split estimated.
  • Honest limits: Warns when the floor cannot cope.
  • Free and private: No uploads, no logging.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is pipe spacing chosen?
Spacing is set by the heat demand of the floor. Higher demand needs tighter spacing - 150-200 mm for normal rooms, 100-150 mm for high-loss spaces like bathrooms and ground floors over unheated voids.
What drives the heat output?
Output depends on pipe spacing, flow temperature, pipe diameter and floor construction. Tight spacing and hotter water deliver more per square metre; timber or insulated floors deliver far less than a well-contact screed.
How long can a circuit be?
Keep a 16 mm circuit near 100-120 m and a 20 mm circuit up to 150 m. Beyond that the pressure drop grows and the far end runs cooler - split the floor into more circuits fed from a manifold.
What is a good heat demand figure?
A 70-90 W/m2 heat demand is common for well-insulated rooms; bathrooms and poor envelopes can need 100+ W/m2. Weaker floors that cannot hit the demand need supplementary radiators or insulation upgrades.
Water temperature matters how much?
Flow temperature sets the floor surface temperature and the emitter output. Low-temperature systems (35-45 C flow) suit modern screeds and heat pumps; higher flows risk hot spots and are less efficient.
Is this a full floor-heating design?
No - it is a preliminary layout estimate. A full design covers zoning, manifolds, pump sizing, pressure loss and floor surface limits. Use this to plan circuits, then confirm with a proper calculation or your local standard.